Spearfishing in British Columbia

British Columbia offers some of the most rewarding spearfishing opportunities in Canada. Cold, nutrient-rich waters support healthy fish populations, dramatic underwater terrain, and year-round diving potential. However, spearfishing in BC is very different from warm-water destinations and requires proper training, local knowledge, and strict respect for regulations.

This guide covers where spearfishing is practiced in BC, what species are commonly targeted, and what you should know before getting in the water.

Is Spearfishing Legal in British Columbia?

Yes, spearfishing is legal in British Columbia, but it is highly regulated.

Before spearfishing, you must:

• Hold a valid BC tidal waters fishing licence
• Follow DFO regulations for species, size limits, seasons, and locations
• Respect no-take zones and marine protected areas (many popular dive sites prohibit spearfishing)

Regulations can change yearly. Always consult the current DFO Sport Fishing Regulations before diving.

Commonly Targeted Species in BC

Spearfishing in BC is selective and conservation-focused. Popular legal species include:

• Lingcod (seasonal restrictions apply
• Rockfish species (only where permitted, many are protected)
• Greenling
• Cabezon
• Flounder and sole (in permitted areas)

Salmon, halibut, and many rockfish species are prohibited for spearfishing. Identification skills are critical.

Best Areas for Spearfishing Around BC

1. Vancouver Island (West & North Island)

Skill level: Intermediate to Advanced
Best for: Clearer water, structure, fish density

The west and north coasts of Vancouver Island offer some of the best spearfishing conditions in the province. Expect kelp forests, rocky reefs, and deeper structure holding lingcod and greenling.

What to know:

• Cold water year-round
• Variable visibility
• Boat access often required for best spots

2. Central & Northern BC Coast

Skill level: Advanced
Best for: Remote, less pressured fish populations

Remote areas of the central and northern coast can be excellent for experienced spearfishers. These locations are typically accessed by charter or liveaboard and require strong planning and self-sufficiency.

What to know:

• Strong currents and tidal exchanges
• Limited emergency access
• Advanced navigation and surface safety required

3. Southern Vancouver Island (Select Areas)

Skill level: Beginner to Intermediate
Best for: Easier access, calmer conditions

Some areas around southern Vancouver Island allow spearfishing and offer more forgiving conditions. These locations are ideal for learning fish identification and breath-hold technique.

Important: Many popular dive sites and parks are no-take zones, always verify access before diving.

Cold-Water Spearfishing Considerations

Spearfishing in BC introduces challenges not present in tropical environments:

• Cold temperatures reduce breath-hold time
• Thick exposure protection affects mobility
• Limited visibility demands discipline and patience
• Surge and current require strong situational awareness

Because of this, most spearfishers in BC benefit from:

• Freediving-specific training
• Progressive depth and time development
• Conservative dive profiles

Essential Spearfishing Gear for BC

A typical BC spearfishing setup includes:

• Cold-water freediving wetsuit (5-7 mm)
• Long blade freediving fins
• Low-volume freediving mask
• Weight system balanced for surface safety
• Speargun or pole spear appropriate for low visibility (75cm recommended)
• Cutting tool and surface signaling device
• Highly visible float and float line

Proper gear selection is critical for both performance and safety, especially in cold water.

Safety First: Spearfishing Best Practices

Spearfishing combines freediving and hunting, both demand discipline.

Key safety principles:

• Never dive alone
• One-up, one-down buddy system
• Clear surface communication
• Conservative breath-hold limits
• Immediate surface recovery breathing
• Strict species identification before taking a shot

Training dramatically reduces risk and improves confidence in real-world conditions.

Training for Spearfishing in BC

While not legally required, freediving and spearfishing education is strongly recommended, especially in cold water.

Structured training helps with:

• Breath-hold efficiency
• Proper weighting and buoyancy
• Fish behavior understanding
• Rescue techniques
• Environmental awareness

Many experienced BC spearfishers credit training as the single biggest improvement to both safety and success.

Respect the Ocean and the Resource

Spearfishing in BC is best approached with a conservation mindset:

• Take only what you need
• Choose larger, mature fish
• Avoid sensitive habitats
• Follow all regulations strictly

Responsible spearfishing helps ensure the longevity of the sport and the ecosystems we rely on.

Final Thoughts

British Columbia offers unique and rewarding spearfishing opportunities for those willing to prepare properly. Cold water, strict regulations, and dynamic conditions demand respect, but with the right training, equipment, and mindset, BC can be an exceptional place to spearfish.

If you are new to spearfishing or transitioning from warm-water environments, investing in proper education and local knowledge will significantly improve both safety and enjoyment.

For spearfishing gear, training recommendations, or local advice, visit us in store 4578 Main St, Vancouver BC or speak with one of our experienced staff!